منابع مشابه
Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.
At the beginning of 2003, the Journal of Health Economics published a paper of great importance in public policy by DiMasi, Hansen, and Grabowski (referred to hereafter as “DHG 2003”). The paper is based primarily on confidential, proprietary data supplied by pharmaceutical companies to the Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development, a research center that receives significant unrestricted ...
متن کاملExtraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence
We thank Light and Warburton (2005) [hereafter LW] for providing a context for us to further discuss and clarify our studies on the cost of new drug development (DiMasi et al., 2003 [hereafter DHG]; DiMasi et al., 1991b [hereafter DHGL]; Hansen, 1979). We disagree, however, with their analyses, comparators, and conclusions. Although LW suggest, through the invocation of selected reported cost f...
متن کاملReply: Extraordinary Claims Without Extraordinary Evidence
This interchange is the latest in an ongoing debate beginning with Newman et al.'s [1999a] recommendation, based on analysis of GPS and earthquake data, that Frankel et al.'s [1996] estimate of California-level seismic hazard for the NMSZ should be reduced. Most points at issue, except for those related to the costs and benefits of the proposed new IBC2000 building code, have already been argue...
متن کاملSoftware Archaeology
some situation, trying to understand what you’re looking at and how it all fits together. To do this, you must be careful to preserve the artifacts you find and respect and understand the cultural forces that produced them. But we don’t have to wait a thousand years to try to comprehend unfathomable artifacts; code becomes legacy code just about as soon as it’s written, and suddenly we have exa...
متن کاملIndustrial Archaeology
The Industrial Revolution is arguably one of the most important social phenomena responsible for shaping the modern world. Of course, some historians and economists have long contended that this was or was not a ‘‘revolution’’ in the strictest sense of the word and scholars still debate whether the use of this metaphor is problematic. Most writers agree that this was not an event, but rather a ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1991
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/352389a0